经济发展和国家兴衰问题是经济学理论的一个永恒的主题。在现代经济学中,除了新古典经济学的经济增长理论以外,讨论这一重大主题,并形成自己独立理沦体系的有两个著名代表:一个是诺斯教授的理论,其代表作是《西方世界的兴起》和《经济史中的结构与变迁》;另一个是奥尔森教授的理论,其代表作是《集体行动的逻辑》和《国家兴 Economic development and the rise and fall of a country are an eternal theme of economic theory. In modern economics, in addition to the theory of economic growth in neoclassical economics, there are two famous representatives who discuss this major theme and form their own independent system: one is Professor North’s theory, whose representative work is “the West The rise of the world ”and“ the structure and changes in economic history ”; the other is Professor Olson’s theory, whose representative works are“ the logic of collective action ”and"