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目的:通过锥形束CT(cone beam computed tomography,CBCT)分析下颌前牙的根管形态,以期为根管治疗提供依据。方法:随机抽取南京医科大学附属口腔医院影像科2015年6月—2016年6月拍摄CBCT的1 022例患者的影像资料,根据牙位、性别和年龄分组,参照Vertucci分类法观察牙根和根管数目、根管构型。结果:共6 032颗下颌前牙被纳入研究。所有下颌中切牙和侧切牙均为单根牙,0.9%(18/2 042)的尖牙为双根牙。下颌中切牙、侧切牙和尖牙多根管率分别为10.6%(211/1 990)、18.0%(360/2 000)和5.4%(111/2 042),且下颌前牙双根管多为TypeⅢ。多根管对称发生的比例分别为中切牙89.9%(98/109)、侧切牙87.3%(165/199)、尖牙48.0%(36/75)。各年龄组中下颌中切牙、侧切牙、尖牙多根管发生率最高的分别为>30~40岁组(14.6%,57/397)、>40~50岁组(21.1%,62/294)、>50~60岁组(8.4%,27/320),多根管发生率各年龄组间差异有统计学意义。女性与男性下颌前牙多根管的发生率差异无统计学意义(11.15%vs.11.53%,P>0.05)。结论:下颌前牙根管治疗时注意多根管的发生,多根管发生率和年龄有一定相关性。
Objective: To analyze the root canal morphology of mandibular anterior teeth by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in order to provide a basis for root canal therapy. Methods: The imaging data of 1 022 cases of CBCT were collected randomly from the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from June 2015 to June 2016. The root and root canals were observed by Vertucci classification according to the dental position, sex and age grouping Number, root canal configuration. Results: A total of 632 mandibular anterior teeth were included in the study. All mandibular incisors and lateral incisors were single roots, and 0.9% (18/2 042) canines had double roots. The multi-root canal ratios of mandibular central incisor, lateral incisor and canine were 10.6% (211/1 990), 18.0% (360/2 000) and 5.4% (111/2 042), respectively. Mostly Type Ⅲ. Symmetrical multi-root canalization occurred in 89.9% (98/109) of the incisors, 87.3% (165/199) of the lateral incisors, and 48.0% (36/75) of the canines. The highest rates of multiple root canal, lateral incisor and canine multiple root canal in all age groups were> 30 to 40 years old (14.6%, 57/397),> 40 to 50 years old (21.1%, 62 / 294), and those aged> 50-60 years old (8.4%, 27/320). There was significant difference in the incidence of multi-root canal among all age groups. There was no significant difference in the incidence of multi-root canal between female and male mandibular anterior teeth (11.15% vs.11.53%, P> 0.05). Conclusions: The incidence of multi-root canal in the treatment of mandibular anterior root canal is concerned. The incidence of multi-root canal and age are related to each other.