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[目的 ]通过调查分析不同性别、年龄中、小学生对交通意外伤害的知识、信念、行为 (以下简称“知、信、行”) ,为有针对性地开展交通伤害预防和控制工作提供依据。 [方法 ]采取整群抽样的方法 ,同时采用统一编制的“上海市中、小学生交通安全知识认知调查表”进行调查。 [结果 ]有 79 2 %以上的学生对交通安全知识有一定了解 ;总体上认知程度表现出随着年龄的增加而逐渐上升的趋势 ;其中大于 15岁的年龄组认知程度最高 ,但其行为、信念方面却有相反的趋势。年龄小于 12岁的小学生有 7 1%的人骑自行车上学。在 5 99名骑自行车的学生中发生过交通事故的占13 0 2 %。知、信、行之间进行相关性的分析 ,结果显示在不同年龄组中各个变量知、信、行之间都有显著的相关性。在 15岁以前随着年龄的增长 ,其认知和行为之间的相关程度逐渐增高 ,而 15岁以后 ,其认知和行为之间的相关程度却有所下降。在行为和信念之间 ,也是在 15岁以前随着年龄的增长 ,它们之间的相关程度逐渐增高 ,而 15岁以后 ,它们却有所下降。在认知和信念之间 ,15岁以后的相关程度低于 15岁之前的年龄组。 [结论 ]加强对青少年的安全教育和健康促进不能只满足于“知” ,必须在“行”和“信念”多下功夫。应结合青少年的心理、生理特点有针对性?
[Objective] To provide evidences for targeted prevention and control of traffic injuries through investigation and analysis of knowledge, beliefs and behaviors of traffic accident victims of different sexes, ages and pupils (hereinafter referred to as “knowledge, letter and action”). [Methods] The method of cluster sampling was adopted, and the unified questionnaire of traffic safety knowledge of middle and primary school students in Shanghai was also conducted. [Results] More than 79% of the students had certain knowledge of traffic safety knowledge. Generally speaking, the cognitive degree showed a gradual upward trend with the increase of age. Among them, the age group of more than 15 years old had the highest cognitive level There is an opposite trend in behavior and beliefs. 71% of pupils under 12 years of age ride their bicycles to school. Traffic accidents occurred among 502 students who were riding bicycles, accounting for 132.02%. The analysis of the correlations between knowledge, belief and behavior showed that there was a significant correlation between each variable, letter, and line in different age groups. The correlation between cognition and behavior increases with age before the age of 15, and the correlation between cognition and behavior declines after 15 years of age. Between behavior and belief, as well as their age, before the age of 15, the correlation between them gradually increases, but after the age of 15, they have declined. Between cognition and belief, the correlations after age 15 are lower than before the age of 15. [Conclusion] Strengthening safety education and health promotion for young people can not only be satisfied with “knowing”, but more efforts must be devoted to “walking” and “faith”. Should be combined with the psychological and physical characteristics of young people targeted?