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油气藏中的轻烃可以以微弱但可检出的量近似垂直地渗漏到地表土壤中,其中一部分烃类以物理吸附态赋存在土壤或岩石颗粒表面。物理吸附烃是反映现今油气藏是否存在的最直接指标之一,因此在油气地球化学勘探中得到了广泛的重视和应用。以往对于提取土壤物理吸附烃的方法主要有密封盐水瓶顶空间轻烃技术和物理吸附气技术,在方法手段上存在一定的缺陷。针对以往技术存在的问题,自行设计、研制一种新型土壤物理吸附烃真空解吸密封罐,集样品全密封、移动活塞负压脱气、正压抽气,能够充分提取土壤、岩石、水介质样品中物理吸附烃组分和含量,装置小巧,操作简单,方便实用,适合批量样品的气体解吸实验。经过对济阳坳陷惠民凹陷南坡临南油田上方野外现场采集的新鲜土壤样品进行处理,获得的烃类组分含量远远高于传统顶空气技术所提取的烃类含量的3～4倍,且C1—C5组分齐全,所反映的油气微渗漏异常区与背景区分离明显,先验效果显著,为预测地下油气藏提供了有效的技术指标,具有良好的推广应用前景。
Hydrocarbons in the reservoir may leak into the surface soil approximately in a weak but detectable amount, with some of the hydrocarbons being physically adsorbed on the surface of the soil or rock particles. Physical adsorption of hydrocarbons is one of the most direct indicators reflecting the existence of oil and gas reservoirs. Therefore, it has received extensive attention and application in the geochemical exploration of oil and gas. In the past, the methods for extracting soil physically adsorbed hydrocarbons mainly include the light hydrocarbon technology of sealed saltwater headspace and the physical adsorption gas technology, and there are some flaws in the methods and methods. Aiming at the existing problems in the prior art, a new type of soil desorption canister was designed and developed. The samples were totally sealed, the negative pressure of the moving piston was degassed, and the positive pressure was applied to extract the soil, rock and water samples In the physical adsorption of hydrocarbon components and content, the device is compact, simple, convenient and practical, suitable for bulk sample gas desorption experiments. After the fresh soil samples collected from the field above Linnan Oilfield on the southern slope of Huimin Depression in Jiyang Depression were treated, the content of hydrocarbon components was much higher than that of the traditional top-air technology Fold, and the C1-C5 components are complete. The micro-leakage anomalies reflected by the oil-gas micro-leakage are obviously separated from the background area and have obvious a priori effects. This provides an effective technical indicator for the prediction of underground oil and gas reservoirs and has a good prospect of popularization and application.