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杜甫集前人之大成,开后代之新派,这是自宋代以来诗论者较为普遍的看法。杜甫一生横跨盛、中唐,处于唐朝国运由盛而衰转折的关捩,处于唐诗,乃至整个中国诗歌史两种审美范型转折的关捩。杜诗既具有盛唐诗歌“雄浑悲壮”之美,也表现出镵刻健峭的特点,开启了宋诗新风。对于杜诗表现出有异于盛唐气象的风格特征,历代论者多称之为“变调”。考察杜诗批评史上“变调”说的流变,对于我们更深刻地理解杜诗,理解诗学史上的唐宋之争,都不无参考意义。
Du Fu set the culmination of his predecessors, the new generation of future generations, which is more common since the Song Dynasty poet. Du Fu lived across from Sheng and Tang to Guanzhong in the Tang dynasty, where the national fortunes turned from prosperity to decline. They were in the turn of the two esthetic paradigms of the history of Chinese poetry. Du Poetry has both the beauty of the Tang Dynasty poetry “heroic tragedy ”, also showed the characteristics of Mo Jian Jian Qiao, opened a new style of Song poetry. For Du Fu shows different from Tang style of meteorological features, many ancient scholar called “change tone ”. The study of Du Fu’s criticism of the rhetoric of “change tone” in the history does not have any reference meaning for us to understand Du Fu deeply and to understand the dispute between Tang and Song in the history of poetics.