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日本是个多林国家,目前全国森林覆盖率达67%,1990年我们对日本长野县的林业进行了半年的研修,收获较大,现将日本长野县用材林苗木的管理及造林方法介绍如下。 1、起苗。在日本,由于劳动力不足,一般采用机械化起苗,根据苗木规格,2—3年生苗木起苗深度一般在15—20厘米,太深增加机械负担,太浅不能保证有效根系,影响苗木成活。 2、选苗。机械起苗以后,采用人工进行集中,在这个过程中,要严格进行选苗,对于不符合规格要求的病虫苗木及在起苗过程中根部皮层受伤的苗木一律去除。选苗要在无风和阴天时进行,晴天可在室内进行,以避免苗木根系干燥,影响成活。 3、苗木规格。在长野,对造林用苗木的规格要
Japan is a multi-forest country. At present, the forest coverage in China reaches 67%. In 1990, we conducted a half-year training in forestry in Nagano prefecture, Japan, and we gained a great harvest. Now we introduce the management and afforestation methods of timber forests and afforestation in Nagano Prefecture, Japan as follows. 1, from the seedling. In Japan, due to lack of workforce, mechanized seedlings are generally used. According to seedling specifications, the seedling seedling depth of 2-3 years is generally 15-20 cm. Too deep to increase the mechanical load. Too shallow to ensure effective root system and to affect seedling survival. 2, choose seedlings. Mechanical lifting, the use of artificial concentration, in the process, to be strictly selected seedlings, for those who do not meet the specifications of the pest seedlings and seedlings in the process of starting seedling root cortex injuries are removed. Selected seedlings to be carried out in the absence of wind and cloudy, sunny days can be carried out indoors, in order to avoid seedling roots dry, affecting survival. 3, seedling specifications. In Nagano, specifications for seedlings for afforestation are required