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目前,小水电供电丰枯矛盾的解决办法有三种:建设小火电厂增加枯水期出力;开发“龙头”水库蓄丰季水备枯季用;兴建抽水蓄能电站进行调节。其中第一种用得较普遍。但有发电成本高,且煤矿资源受条件限制之弊;第二种,“龙头”水库的开发建设,一次性投资大,资金困难使其发展受到制约;第三种,起步虽晚,有待进一步研究。但经运行实践,已显示出了强大的生命力。其中我国已建成的第一座年内调节跨流域抽水蓄能工程收到了社会、经济效益显著的效果。本文对这一问题作了初步探讨。
At present, there are three solutions to the contradiction between abundant power supply and low power supply in small hydropower plants: building small thermal power plants to increase output during the dry season; developing “leading” reservoirs for storing seasonal water for dry season; and constructing pumped storage power stations for regulation. The first one is more common. But there are high cost of power generation, and coal resources subject to the disadvantages of the conditions; the second, “Leading” reservoir development and construction, one-time investment, capital constraints make its development is constrained; the third, the start is late, to be further the study. However, the practice has shown great vitality. Among them, China has completed the first year of inter-basin pumped-storage hydropower projects that have received significant social and economic benefits. This article made a preliminary study of this issue.