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目的了解我国职业健康检查机构主要仪器设备配置情况及存在的问题。方法采用典型抽样方法,以浙江、上海、江苏、广西、深圳、重庆、山东和湖北8个省/直辖市/自治区2011年6月前获得职业健康检查资质的职业健康检查机构(以下简称“职检机构”)为调查对象,对其5类共45种常用职业健康检查仪器设备(以下简称“职检仪器”)配置情况进行问卷调查。结果 451家职检机构共配置职检仪器18 891台,平均41.9台/家;医院、疾病预防控制中心(CDC)、职业病防治院所和其他机构配备的设备数量分别占47.1%、38.1%、7.5%和7.3%。CDC职检仪器配置平均数较少(27.1台/家),其中胸部影像学、内外科检查和五官神经科检查仪器配置不足;职防院所仪器配置平均数较多(74.7台/家)。职检仪器配置存在明显的机构类型间的差异和地区差异。结论 CDC、医院和职防院所是职业健康检查的3大机构,设备配置各有侧重。应加强对CDC职检仪器的建设,各类职检机构在职检仪器方面应资源共享。
Objective To understand the configuration and problems of the main instruments and equipment in occupational health examination institutions in China. Methods A typical sampling method was adopted to occupational health examination institutions that obtained occupational health examination qualification before June 2011 in 8 provinces / municipalities and autonomous regions of Zhejiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Guangxi, Shenzhen, Chongqing, Shandong and Hubei (hereinafter referred to as “ Inspection institutions ”) as the survey object, a total of 45 categories of its five categories of commonly used occupational health examination equipment (hereinafter referred to as “ inspection equipment ”) configuration survey. Results A total of 18 891 sets of equipment were seized, accounting for 47.1% and 38.1% of the total respectively. The number of equipment provided by hospitals, CDCs, occupational disease prevention institutes and other institutions was respectively set at 451, 7.5% and 7.3%. The average number of CDC medical devices was less (27.1 units / home), including chest imaging, internal and external examination, and facial neurology examination instruments. There is a clear difference between the types of inspection apparatus and the differences in regional distribution. Conclusion CDC, hospitals and preventive care institutions are the three major institutions for occupational health checkups with their respective equipment configurations. The construction of CDC inspection equipment should be strengthened. All kinds of inspection bodies should share resources in terms of job inspection equipment.