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Cohen等指出,高渗性高血糖性非酮性脱水是以伴高渗透压的高血糖、脱水、氮质血症和无酮中毒为特征的综合症。Gerich等估计,至少有六分之一患者因高渗性高血糖性脱水而昏迷,虽如糖尿病酮中毒昏迷那样常见,但多数病例未能识别。据报告此综合症死亡率高达40%,其中至少有半数死于脱水的并发症。高渗性高血糖非酮性脱水主要发生于老年人,平均发病年龄62岁。也有个别发生于小儿。其基本症状是烦渴、多尿和体重下降。此病于不知不觉中发生,常在发现有精神改变之前12~25天即开始有体液不
Cohen et al. Indicate that hyperosmolar hyperglycemic non-ketonic dehydration is a syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia, dehydration, azotemia, and ketosis-free with high osmotic pressure. Gerich et al estimated that at least one-sixth of the patients were unconscious due to hyperosmolar hyperglycemic dehydration, which is as common as diabetic ketoacidosis but most cases fail to recognize it. The mortality rate of the syndrome is reported to be as high as 40%, with at least half of them dying of complications of dehydration. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemia non-ketogenic dehydration occurs mainly in the elderly, with an average age of onset of 62 years. Some also occur in children. The basic symptoms are polydipsia, polyuria and weight loss. This disease occurs unconsciously, often found in mental changes 12 to 25 days before the body fluid does not start