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公平与效率的矛盾是现代工业化社会的基本矛盾。正确处理这两者之间的关系是任何迈向工业化国家不可回避也无法回避的问题。我们的放权让利改革,过去虽注重了效率的提高,却忽略了公平分配对效率的影响。不公平的分配不仅是指个人的收入分配不公,国民财富在各地区各部门之间分配的不公平,同样是不公平分配的重要方面,而且对个人收入分配的影响更大。十年来的收入分配结构改革,不但没有在企业、事业单位和国家机关内部彻底打破平均主义大锅饭,反却在地区之间、部门之间、行业之间及企业之间造成了严重的分配不公,这不仅不能调动各行为主体的工作积极性,而且由于地区之间、部门之间、行业之间和企事业单位之间的相互攀比和过度盲目竞争,进一步加剧了经济秩序的混乱。
The contradiction between fairness and efficiency is the basic contradiction in the modern industrialized society. The correct handling of the relationship between the two is an unavoidable and unavoidable issue for the industrialized countries. Our decentralization of power and profit-making reform, while focusing on improving efficiency in the past, neglected the effect of fair distribution on efficiency. Inequitable distribution refers not only to the unfair distribution of income among individuals, but also to the unfair distribution of national wealth among various departments and regions in different regions. It is also an important aspect of unfair distribution and has a greater impact on the distribution of personal income. The reform of income distribution structure over the past decade has not completely broken the egalitarianism in enterprises, public institutions and state organs, but has caused a serious miscarriage of injustice among regions and departments, industries and enterprises. This not only failed to arouse the enthusiasm of the main actors, but also further aggravated the chaos in the economic order due to the mutual comparisons and excessive blind competition among regions, departments, industries and enterprises and institutions.