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本文把一种能确定任何形状和规模正断层的三维几何形态的一种通用自动方法应用于尼日利亚Nun River油田的三维地震反射数据的反演。除了计算断层的几何形态处,此法亦能自动追踪扩张方向(例如滑动向量的水平分量),而不需要事先对断层的形状和扩张方向有任何了解。计算结果是通过最大限度地缩小由两个或多套断层间的不拟合值而找到的。在本文讨论的例子中,预测断层面与地震成像的断层极为一致。尽管计算扩张方向与断层的平均走向斜交,此参数值仍不能较好地求解。我们的方法与标准的平衡剖面法在两个重要的方面有显著的不同。首先,我们假设扩张方向是未知的;第二,应用反演理论能确保了解所计算断层的几何形态的正常置信度区间。这一点对勘探或生产规模上遇到的一系列问题都有着重要意义。特别是,一旦确定了三维位移场,上盘构造的三维重建恢复等难以解决的重要问题变傅容易解决了。
In this paper, a universal automatic method that can determine the three-dimensional geometry of normal faults of any shape and size is applied to the inversion of 3D seismic reflection data in Nun River oil field in Nigeria. In addition to calculating the geometry of the fault, this method automatically tracks the direction of expansion (for example, the horizontal component of the slip vector) without any prior knowledge of the shape and direction of the fault. The result of the calculation is found by minimizing the mismatch between two or more sets of faults. In the examples discussed in this paper, the predicted fault plane is very similar to the fault image of seismic imaging. Although the calculated direction of expansion is skewed with the average strike of the fault, the value of this parameter is still not well solved. Our method differs from the standard equilibrium profile in two important ways. First, we assume that the direction of expansion is unknown; second, applying the inversion theory ensures that the normal confidence interval for understanding the geometry of the computed fault is ensured. This is of great importance to a series of problems encountered in the exploration or production scale. In particular, once the three-dimensional displacement field has been determined, the important problems that can not be solved, such as the 3D reconstruction and restoration of the hanging wall structure, can be easily solved.