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本文叙述在含钼、钛的18/8型不锈钢中σ-相形成的过程及其对钢的性能的影响。 金相及X线衍射分析证实:在复相铬镍不锈钢中,铁素体分解成σ-相以在850℃为最快。应用特殊的侵蚀剂及高倍的金相检查,发现σ-相的沉淀开始发生于铁素体相界;伴随着σ-相的形成,其周围铁素体重结晶为奥氏体。 由于σ-相的形成,钢的硬度增加,韧性显著降低,因而严重地影响了钢的安全使用,但是适当的热处理可以恢复其原来的组织及性能。
This paper describes the formation of σ-phase in a 18/8 stainless steel containing molybdenum and titanium and its effect on the properties of the steel. Metallography and X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that in duplex stainless steel, ferrite decomposed into σ-phase to be the fastest at 850 ° C. Using special etchant and high magnification metallographic examination, it was found that the precipitation of σ-phase began to occur in the ferrite phase boundary. With the formation of σ-phase, the surrounding ferrite recrystallized to austenite. Due to the formation of σ-phase, the hardness of steel increases and the toughness decreases significantly, which seriously affects the safe use of steel. However, proper heat treatment can restore its original structure and properties.