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目的比较不同护理方法预防白血病患者化疗后感染发生的效果。方法选取2010年1月至2013年4月间海南省琼海市疾病控制中心收治的240例白血病接受化疗患者,采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,每组120例。研究组患者采用整体护理与重点部位护理相结合的护理方法,对照组患者采用传统护理方法。对两组患者化疗后15 d的感染率、感染部位、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和生活质量进行比较。结果两组患者的感染部位均主要分布在呼吸道和口腔,研究组患者的各感染部位的感染率和总感染率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者中,心理健康73例(60.8%),与对照组的16例(13.3%)相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者在健康感受、生活感受和生活质量的评分差异有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论应用整体护理与重点部位护理相结合的护理方法,可以增强白血病化疗患者的抗感染能力,提高生活质量,值得临床推广应用。
Objective To compare the effects of different nursing methods on the prevention of infection after chemotherapy in patients with leukemia. Methods A total of 240 patients with leukemia treated by Qionghai Disease Control Center of Hainan Province from January 2010 to April 2013 were selected and randomly divided into study group and control group with 120 cases in each group. Patients in the study group used a combination of holistic nursing and key-site care, while patients in the control group adopted traditional nursing. The infection rate, infection site, anxiety self-rating scale (SAS) and quality of life were compared between the two groups after 15 days of chemotherapy. Results The infection sites in both groups were mainly located in respiratory tract and oral cavity. The infection rate and total infection rate of each infected site in study group were lower than that in control group (P <0.05). Among the study group, 73 cases (60.8%) had mental health, compared with 16 cases (13.3%) in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The two groups of patients in the health experience, life experience and quality of life scores were significantly different (P <0.05). Conclusion The application of holistic nursing and nursing of key parts can improve the anti-infective ability of patients with leukemia chemotherapy and improve the quality of life, which is worthy of clinical application.