论文部分内容阅读
运用DEA-Malmquist指数法对美国、英国、日本3个国家1890—1992年和美国、英国、日本、韩国、中国、马来西亚、泰国、印度、巴西、墨西哥等10个国家1975—2005年的技术创新、纯技术效率改进、规模效率改进,以及曼奎斯特生产率指数进行了测度,对“技术引进—消化吸收再创新—自主开发”三阶段最优技术追赶路径进行了实证检验。研究的主要结论是:日本作为技术后发国成功实现追赶的典范,严格遵循了“技术引进—消化吸收再创新—自主开发”三阶段技术追赶路径。亚太、拉美等诸多新兴经济体至今仍处于国际产业分工体系的低端,与其没有遵循三阶段技术追赶路径有关。中国对于技术后发优势的利用较为不足,应当以促进消化吸收再创新作为推进技术创新的政策着力点。
Using DEA-Malmquist index method, this paper analyzes the technical innovation of America, Britain and Japan from 1890 to 1992 and from 10 countries including the United States, Britain, Japan, South Korea, China, Malaysia, Thailand, India, Brazil and Mexico from 1975 to 2005 , Pure technical efficiency improvement, scale efficiency improvement, and Mannquist Productivity Index were measured, and empirical tests were conducted on the three-phase optimal technology catch-up path of “technology introduction-digestion and absorption and innovation-independent development”. The main conclusion of the study is that Japan, as a model for catching up after the late sending of technology, strictly follows the path of catching up with the three phases of technology introduction, digestion and absorption, innovation and independent development. Many emerging economies such as Asia Pacific and Latin America are still at the low end of the international division of labor system, not related to their failure to follow the three-stage catch-up path. China’s use of backward advantages in technology is rather inadequate, and efforts should be made to promote digestion, absorption and re-innovation as a policy to promote technological innovation.