我国地域辽阔,河流众多,地形复杂,气候多变,是个多暴雨洪水的国家,又是需要灌溉的农业国家。水资源按人口平均并不丰富,雨量年内分配不均,年际变化很大,地区分布也不均衡。从防洪、兴利出发,要求修建许多水利工程,也要求对这些工程进行科学管理, China is a vast country with many rivers, numerous rivers, complex terrain and varied climate. It is a country with numerous torrential rains and floods and an agricultural country that needs irrigation. According to the average population, the water resources are not rich, and the rainfall is distributed unevenly during the year, which varies greatly from year to year and the distribution of the area is not balanced. Starting from flood control and development, many water conservancy projects are required to be built and scientific management of these projects is also required.