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目的探索湖沼垸内渠网型重疫区通过新农村建设的综合治理对控制血吸虫病流行的有效防治策略。方法改水、改厕,提高农业机械化作业程度,建立居民新村或小区等,改善居民生活生产环境;扩挖疏浚有螺渠道,建立完善的排渍灌溉的水利设施,改造低洼低产农田,调整种植和养殖结构,硬化有螺渠道等措施,彻底改变和破坏钉螺的生存环境;同时加大查灭易感地带钉螺、人畜同步查治病和扩大化疗力度等。结果居民楼房居住率为84·33%,人畜安全饮水率为100·00%,改厕率为83·42%,农机作业面积为89·03%,农业总产值和居民人均纯收入分别增长4·66倍和4·62倍;钉螺面积、活螺平均密度、钉螺感染率分别下降91·64%、86·89%和90·63%;居民和耕牛的粪检阳性率分别下降91·77%和89·66%;急性血吸虫病完全控制。结论该方案的实施,既改造了钉螺的生存场所和条件,又改善了居民的生产生活环境,既有利于农业生产的发展,又控制了疫情;血防、社会和经济等综合效益显著,应在同类型流行区推广应用。
Objective To explore the effective prevention and control strategies for controlling the epidemic of schistosomiasis through the integrated management of new rural construction in the ditch flooded area of lake embankment. Methods Water diversion, lavatories, agricultural mechanization operations, the establishment of new villages or residential areas to improve the living environment of residents; expansion dredging spiral channels, the establishment of a sound irrigation and drainage irrigation facilities, transformation of low-lying low-yield farmland, adjust planting And aquaculture structure, sclerosis and other means of snail channels to completely change and destroy the snail survival environment; at the same time increase the detection of susceptible snail snails, simultaneous detection of human and animal diseases and to expand the intensity of chemotherapy. As a result, the living rate of residential buildings was 84.33%, that of safe drinking water was 100.00%, that of toilets was 83.42%, that of agricultural machinery was 89.03%, that of agricultural output and per capita net income increased by 4% 66 times and 4.62 times respectively. The area of snails, the average density of live snails and the infection rate of snails decreased by 91.64%, 86.99% and 90.63% respectively. The positive rates of fecal seizures of residents and cattle decreased by 91.6% 77% and 89 · 66%; acute schistosomiasis control. Conclusion The implementation of the program not only renovated the snails’ living places and conditions but also improved their production and living environment, which not only contributed to the development of agricultural production but also controlled the epidemic situation. The overall benefits of blood-borne prevention, social and economic benefits were significant Popularization and application of the same type of area.