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复等位基因上面所讲的基因,只有两种变化——两个相,如M和m。其实每一基因可以有很多变化——很多相。如某一基因有3个或4个以上的相,就称为复等位基因(Multiple allele)。ABO血型就是由复等位基因控制的例子。这一基因有三个相:IA.IB、i,可以构成6种遗传型。但是IA和IB同时存在时,可共同表现出来,称共显性(或等显性),而IA和IB对i都是显性,所以6种遗传型只显示4种表型。现在把这4种表型和它们的遗传型,结合抗原和抗体关系,列于表2。
Complex alleles The genes mentioned above, there are only two changes - two phases, such as M and m. In fact, there can be many changes in each gene - many phases. If a gene has three or more than four phases, it is called the multiple allele. The ABO blood group is an example controlled by a complex allele. There are three phases of this gene: IA.IB, i, which makes up 6 genetic types. However, both IA and IB coexist, indicating co-dominant (or isodose), while both IA and IB are dominant for i, so the 6 phenotypes show only 4 phenotypes. The four phenotypes and their genotypes, now combined with antigen and antibody, are now tabulated in Table 2.