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《爱玛》里隐含着强烈的以褒扬英国性、贬抑法国性为主要表现的仇法情结,同时小说的社会评论显性文本下也隐含着一个宗教评论潜文本,小说不仅反复使用饱含宗教意味的词汇而且爱玛的救赎契合基督教的“自省”和“恩典”观念,更反映了当时国教福音派运动的要求,爱玛世俗的道德改善也是宗教意义上的救赎。仇法情结和宗教情结都是奥斯丁的保守主义政治立场的反映,表达了她对传统社会秩序的认同。这种避免在小说里直接议论政治和宗教的写作策略也是奥斯丁出于自身性别考虑在政治和意识形态剧变时代所做的明哲保身之举。
Emma contains a strong sense of compliment against the British to repay the British, derogatory French as the main manifestation of the hate law complex, while the novel’s social text also implied a subliminal text of religious comment, the novel is not only repeated use of full Religious meaning of vocabulary and Emma’s redemption fit Christianity’s “introspection” and “grace” concept, but also reflects the requirements of the national religion evangelical movement, Emma secular moral improvement is also a religious salvation. Both the hate law complex and the religious complex are the reflections of Austin’s conservative political stand and express her approval of the traditional social order. This strategy of avoiding writing political and religious issues directly in the novels is also Austin’s self-defense in his political and ideological turmoil.