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采用真空熔炼,快速凝固与去合金化相结合的方法制备纳米多孔镍,用XRD、SEM、EDS分析试样的相组成及形貌,研究多层次纳米孔的形成机制及不同工艺对其结构的影响。结果表明:快速凝固可制备晶粒均匀、细小的理想前驱体Ni30Al70合金,经去合金化可获得由100～300 nm大骨架及孔径尺寸10 nm的蜂窝状多孔结构共同构成的纳米多孔镍。NiAl3和Ni2Al3两相腐蚀的协同作用对新颖多层次纳米多孔镍结构的形成有重要影响。最佳去合金化温度65℃,最佳溶液浓度25%。
The nano-porous nickel was prepared by a combination of vacuum melting, rapid solidification and de-alloying. The phase composition and morphology of the samples were analyzed by XRD, SEM and EDS. The formation mechanism of multi-layer nanopores and the influence of different processes on the structure influences. The results show that rapid solidification can prepare Ni30Al70 alloy, which is an ideal and homogeneous precursor with fine grain size. De-alloyed nanosized porous nickel with a large framework of 100-300 nm and a honeycomb porous structure with a pore size of 10 nm can be obtained. The synergistic effect of NiAl3 and Ni2Al3 two-phase corrosion has an important influence on the formation of novel multi-layer nano-porous nickel structure. The best alloying temperature 65 ℃, the best concentration of 25%.