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广东十三行从创立之初,就面临着无数天灾人祸的威胁。令广东十三行最为恐惧的,不是清朝官场的压榨和外国资本的剥削,而是在瞬间就能够吞噬无数财富的自然剧变——火灾。1743年,广东十三行第一次遭遇大火灾;而1822年的火劫,可能是中国自项羽烧咸阳以来经济损失最大的一场火灾,四千余万两白银相当于清朝一年的国库收入,足够修建3座圆明园(总造价约1500万两白银)或2座颐和园(总造价2000余万两白银),这对广东十三行的打击之大可想而知。
From the very beginning of its establishment, Guangdong’s Thirteen Bank was faced with numerous threats from man-made disasters. The most frightening thing for Guangdong’s 13th line is not the crushing of the officialdom of the Qing Dynasty nor the exploitation of foreign capital, but a natural upheaval that can swallow countless fortunes in an instant - a fire. In 1743, the 13th Canton of Guangdong suffered the first major fire. The fire robbery of 1822 may be the largest economic loss in China since Xian Yu’s death from Xianyang. Forty-two million silver equivalent to one year treasury of the Qing Dynasty It is enough to build three Yuanmingyuan Parks (with a total cost of about 15 million taels of silver) or two Summer Palace (with a total cost of more than 20 million taels).