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汉语方言中有很多由“同质兼并”产生的语言成分,“同质兼并”指演变过程中两个语言成分因同质而兼并为一个。可分两类:(1)同音兼并。指两个语音成分因同音而兼并为一个,原先的语义仍保留。(2)同义兼并。指两个语义成分因意义同质而兼并为一个,语音仍含两个。同义兼并通常是两个单纯语义单位的兼并,偶尔也可见两个复合的语义成分的兼并。同质兼并和省略、删略、转义、偏义、合音有时表面相似,其中的同义兼并更常与合音同时发生或交错发生,但是本质不同,特征不同,有必要加以区分。
There are many language components in Chinese dialects produced by “homogeneous merger ”, “homogeneous merger ” refers to the two linguistic components in the process of evolution because of homogeneity and merge into one. Can be divided into two categories: (1) homonym merger. Refers to the merger of two phonetic components as a result of homonyms, the original semantics remain. (2) synonymous mergers. Refers to the two semantic components due to the same meaning and merge into one, the voice still contains two. Synonymous merger is usually the merger of two simple semantic units, and occasionally the merger of two composite semantic components. Homosexual mergers and omissions, deletions, escapes, biases and choruses sometimes appear to be similar in appearance. Synonymous mergers occur more often than co-occurrences or interlaces, but they differ in essence and in different features and need to be distinguished.