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凡任何原因于平息状态下(相当海平面上)引起动脉血氧分压(PaO_2)下降及/或二氧化碳分压(PaCO_2)升高,导致机体生理和代谢功能紊乱而出现一系列临床表现者,称为呼吸衰竭。1973年Campbell曾制订,PaO_2<60mmHg、PaCO_2>50mmHg为呼吸衰竭,此为目前国内外通常采用的标准。临床上还将PaCO_2>50mmHg为主者称为低通气性呼吸衰竭;PaO_2<60mmHg为主者称为低氧血性呼吸衰竭。又按发生的急缓分为急性和慢性呼吸衰竭。急性型指突然患病,如出溺水、电击伤、药物中毒、异物阻塞、呼吸道急性物理或化学创伤等引起,
Whereas any cause of a decrease in arterial oxygen pressure (PaO 2) and / or increased carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO 2) in resting state (rather sea level) causes a series of clinical manifestations of physiological and metabolic dysfunction in the body, Known as respiratory failure. 1973 Campbell has formulated, PaO_2 <60mmHg, PaCO_2> 50mmHg for respiratory failure, which is currently used at home and abroad the standard. Clinical PaCO_2> 50mmHg also known as low-ventilated respiratory failure; PaO_2 <60mmHg mainly known as hypoxemic respiratory failure. According to the occurrence of rapid and acute divided into acute and chronic respiratory failure. Acute refers to a sudden illness, such as drowning, electric shock, drug poisoning, foreign body obstruction, acute physical or chemical trauma caused by the respiratory tract,