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黑土是我国耕作土壤中最肥沃的土壤之一.主要分布在吉林省和黑龙江省.已开垦的黑土总面积约有1千多万公顷,还有不少尚未开垦的黑土荒地.垦殖初期的黑土潜在肥力较高,然而随开垦年限增加,肥力水平在逐渐降低.本文根据调查研究及分析测定结果,对垦殖后黑土熟化过程中农化性状及酶活性的变化作一初步讨论,拟为今后黑土的垦殖、合理利用及调控肥力提供参考.一 材料与方法1 供试土壤荒地及开垦5年、12年、22年、和50年的耕地黑土样品均采自黑龙江省克山县.开垦80年的耕地黑土样品采自哈尔滨.开垦150年的耕地黑土样品采自吉林省怀德县.每个样品的采集深度包括0—20厘米和20—40厘米两层.2 测定方法土壤农化性状及酶活性测定按前文方法进行.二、结果与讨论
Black soil is one of the most fertile soils in farming soil in our country, mainly distributed in Jilin Province and Heilongjiang Province. The total area of reclaimed black soil is about 10 million hectares and there are quite a few untreated black soil and wasteland. However, with the increase of reclamation age, the fertility level gradually decreased.This paper based on the investigation and analysis of the results to analyze the changes of the agronomical characters and enzyme activities in the black soil after cultivation, Reclamation, rational utilization and regulation of fertility.Materials and Methods1 Soil samples were collected from wasteland and reclaimed land for 5 years, 12 years, 22 years and 50 years in Keshan County, Heilongjiang Province.After 80 years of reclamation Cultivated land Black soil samples were collected from Harbin.The cultivated black soil samples reclaimed for 150 years were collected from Huaide County of Jilin Province.The collection depth of each sample included two layers of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm.2 Determination Method Soil agronomic characters and enzyme Activity measured by the preceding method. Second, the results and discussion