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发明了一种对钻井、完井和修井很有用的新型逆乳化钻井液。这种钻井液利用一种酸碱化学转化剂能够很容易且可逆地从油包水乳状液转化为正常的水包油乳状液或者返回到原来的油包水乳状液。其中所用的表面活性剂在有石灰时是很强的油包水乳化剂。但这种表面活性剂在水溶性酸存在时就变成了正常的乳化剂。这些表面活性剂的可逆乳化性能可使钻井液在钻井、完井操作的不同阶段从油包水钻井液变成正常的水包油钻井液。在钻井阶段钻井液可以是油包水钻井液 ,能够达到与油基钻井液相媲美的所有优良性能。在完井阶段以及后续操作中 ,通过添加水溶性酸 ,可将油包水乳状液变成水包油乳状液 ,从而使其具有很好的滤饼清洗作用 ,改善裸眼完井生产 ,更好地固井 ,有效地清除钻屑并使废弃物减至最少。这种可逆体系操作简单易行 ,与通常使用的油基钻井液相比 ,在目前操作中无需外加改变或添加其他的添加剂。这种可逆钻井液是万能的 ,尤其与目前市场上新型外来钻井液相比 ,具有物美价廉的特点。这种可逆性使泥浆在性能、产量、最小环境影响、成本控制各方面都达到要求。本文讨论了可逆油包水乳状液技术在满足钻井操作的环境和功能要求方面的总体影响。实验数据表明 ,在不同的油水比、泥浆相对密度及经常遇到的污染条件下具?
Invented a new type of reverse emulsion drilling fluid useful for drilling, completion and workover. This drilling fluid can easily and reversibly be converted from a water-in-oil emulsion to a normal oil-in-water emulsion or back to the original water-in-oil emulsion using an acid-base chemical conversion agent. The surfactant used therein is a very strong water-in-oil emulsifier when lime is present. However, this surfactant becomes a normal emulsifier in the presence of water-soluble acids. The reversible emulsification of these surfactants allows the drilling fluid to change from a water-in-oil drilling fluid to a normal oil-in-water drilling fluid at different stages of drilling and completion operations. The drilling fluid can be a water-in-oil drilling fluid during drilling phase and can achieve all the good performance comparable to oil-based drilling fluids. Through the addition of water-soluble acids, the water-in-oil emulsion can be turned into an oil-in-water emulsion during the completion phase and subsequent operations, resulting in good filter cake cleaning and better naked-eye completion and better Cementing effectively removes drill cuttings and minimizes waste. This reversible system is easy to handle and requires no additional changes or additions of additives in the current operation compared with commonly used oil-based drilling fluids. This reversible drilling fluid is omnipotent, and is especially inexpensive compared to the new exotic drilling fluid currently on the market. This reversibility enables the mud to meet requirements in terms of performance, throughput, minimum environmental impact and cost control. This article discusses the overall impact of a reversible water-in-oil emulsion technology on meeting the environmental and functional requirements for drilling operations. Experimental data show that in different oil-water ratio, the relative density of mud and often encountered under the conditions of pollution?