书院是指我国古代唐宋至明清时期由私人创办或主持的聚徒讲授和研究学问的场所,是一种高于一般蒙学的特殊教育组织形式。据考证,陕西蓝田的瀛洲书院、山东临朐的李公书院是历史上私人创建的最早的书院;其他一些比较著名的书院有张九宗书院、义门书院等。这些书院开始多半是读书人自己读书治学的地方,不过也有一些书院有教学活动,并有数量可观的藏书。到后来,书院才逐渐成为培养人才的教学机构。作为一种与官学有所不同的学校,书院是官学教 The academy refers to the place of the polygamy lecture and research scholarship founded or hosted by the private in the Tang and Song Dynasties and the Ming and Qing Dynasties in ancient China. It is a kind of special education organization that is higher than the general one. According to research, the Yingzhou College in Lam Tin, Shaanxi Province, Li Gong College in Linqu, Shandong Province was the earliest academy founded privately in history; other well-known colleges include Zhang Jiuzong College and Yimen College. Most of these academies began as scholarly places where they read and study, but there are also some academies that have teaching activities and an impressive collection of books. Later, the academy gradually became a teaching institution for training talents. As a school different from the official school, the college is official education