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通常，利用水平井来提高油、气采收率。因为水平井比垂直井油流面积大。它们应该提供更大的产能，但水平井未能在完井后提供预期的产能。最近。地层损害和完井损害成为试图理解低产能的研究焦点。许多在未胶结或弱胶结地层中的水平井，为了陈止地层出砂，采用防砂筛管完井。在防砂筛管完井中，设计筛管通过结合树脂涂敷砾石的外层、多孔金属板或者织得很密的金属丝筛网挡住地层砂，这些筛管易于被泥浆和钻屑堵塞。在弱胶结地层；地层可能坍塌到防砂筛管上。
In general, horizontal wells are used to increase oil and gas recovery. Because horizontal wells than the vertical well oil flow area. They should provide greater capacity, but horizontal wells failed to deliver the expected capacity after completion. recent. Formation damage and well completion damage have become the focus of research trying to understand low productivity. Many horizontal wells in unconsolidated or weakly cemented formations are sand-screened for completion of the formation. In sand screen completions, screens are designed to block the formation of sand by combining the resin coated gravel outer layer, perforated metal panels or very dense wire screens that are easily clogged with mud and cuttings. In weakly cemented formations; the formation may collapse to the sand control screen.