卵巢肿瘤分类依据其细胞起源,分成三大类:上皮性、生殖细胞性及间质性。上皮癌源于卵巢表面上皮,包括浆液性、粘液性、子宫内膜样及透明细胞癌。约占所有卵巢恶性肿瘤的90%,而生殖细胞及间质性肿瘤较少,不在此专门讨论。发生率及危险因素卵巢癌的起因并不清楚,但从流行病学调查可见在工业发达国家的发病率明显增高,提示环境因素有很大影响,如高脂饮食与发病有关。本病常见于未曾妊娠过的妇女,应用避孕药可能对这些妇女有一定保护 Ovarian tumor classification based on its cellular origin, divided into three categories: epithelial, germ cell and interstitial. Epithelial cancer originates from ovarian surface epithelium, including serous, mucinous, endometrioid and clear cell carcinoma. Accounting for about 90% of all ovarian cancer, while fewer germ cells and interstitial tumors, not specifically discussed here. The incidence and risk factors of ovarian cancer is not clear, but from the epidemiological survey shows that the incidence of industrialized countries was significantly higher, suggesting that environmental factors have a significant impact, such as high-fat diet and the incidence. The disease is common in women who have never been pregnant, the application of birth control pills may have some protection for these women