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本文研究混凝土水下油罐采用油水置换工艺贮存高凝原油的传热规律,它是工艺设计与结构设计的重要依据。这种传热过程比较复杂,本文基于对贮油罐进行模拟试验和温度场变化规律的大量实测数据,通过分析研究,建立油罐的分区传热模型,用有限差分法对不稳定传热的温度分布和散热量进行数模计算,求得高凝原油在贮存条件下的表观导热系数。为0.325T_i2/1;相应原油的“临界导热温度”Tx为41℃,应用数模计算贮油罐内温度分布和随时间的变化规律,得到各节点的实测温度与计算值的平均偏差<±1℃,表明分区传热模型较清晰、合理地反映了贮罐内原油、海水、油水界面、罐壁砂套以及环境温度相互间的传热特征;数模还提供了热油通过罐顶、罐壁和油水界面分别的散热量随贮存时间的变化曲线,计算表明,原油通过油水界面的散热量仅占原油总散热量的2.1～3.1％,由此结果进一步论证了油水置换工艺贮存高凝原油的可行性。
This paper studies the law of heat transfer of concrete crude oil tank using oil-water displacement process to store hypercoagulable crude oil, which is an important basis for process design and structure design. This heat transfer process is quite complicated. Based on a large number of measured data of the simulation test and the change law of the temperature field of the oil storage tank, a heat transfer model of the oil tank is established by means of analysis and research. The finite difference method Temperature distribution and heat dissipation were calculated by numerical simulation to obtain the apparent thermal conductivity of hypercoagulable crude oil under storage conditions. Is 0.325T_i2 / 1; Corresponding crude oil “critical heat transfer temperature” Tx is 41 ℃, using digital-analog calculation of temperature distribution in the storage tank and the variation with time, the average deviation of the measured temperature and the calculated value of each node <± 1 ℃, indicating that the partition heat transfer model is clearer and reasonably reflects the heat transfer characteristics of crude oil, seawater, oil-water interface, tank wall sandbox and ambient temperature in the storage tank; the digital model also provides hot oil through the tank top, The results show that the heat dissipation of crude oil through the oil-water interface accounts for only 2.1-3.1% of the total heat dissipation of crude oil, and the results further demonstrate that the oil-water replacement process stores high-concentration condensate Crude oil is viable.