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红树植物生长在热带、亚热带海岸滩涂上。健全的红树植物生态系统是人类持续利用红树林的必要条件。如何保护、维持红树林的生态系统及其遗传健全性已成为红树林生态学家最关心的问题。红树植物当前的地理分布格局及形成原因是生态学家和保护生态学家的研究重点。文中介绍了近些年来红树植物亲缘地理学研究概况,包括地理隔离对红树植物分布格局的影响、基因交流受阻隔以及引起红树群体遗传结构变化的原因等内容;阐述了地质历史引起地形地貌变化、地理隔离、繁殖体扩散及生境环境等因子影响红树群体遗传演化的机制;探讨了红树植物亲缘地理学未来研究的重点,以期为红树植物保护和相关研究提供参考。
Mangroves grow on tropical, subtropical coastal beaches. A sound mangrove ecosystem is a necessary condition for the sustainable use of mangroves by humans. How to protect and maintain the mangrove ecosystem and its genetic health has become the most concern of mangrove ecologists. The current geographical distribution pattern of mangrove plants and the reasons for their formation are the focuses of ecologists and conservation ecologists. In this paper, the general situation of phylogeography of mangrove plants in recent years is introduced, including the influence of geographical isolation on the distribution pattern of mangrove plants, the obstruction of gene exchange and the causes of the genetic structure changes of mangrove populations. The mechanism of the genetic evolution of mangrove populations affected by such factors as topography, geomorphology, geographic isolation, propagation of habitat and habitat environment was discussed. The future research of mangrove phytophthora geography was discussed in order to provide reference for mangrove plant protection and related research.