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荀子上承孔孟,下启韩非,处于儒道向儒术演化的过渡地位,这内在决定了荀子的理论困境,主要涉及礼与仁、专制与仁政、王道与霸道三对范畴间的矛盾。荀子既强调礼,又依托于仁;既主张加强君主权威,又倡导平政爱民;既承认霸道的现实性,又属意于王道的理想性,其理论建构呈现出明显的过渡性特征。儒道与儒术对荀子的背向牵扯既显示出历史的必然性,也表现了荀子探索儒学出路的可贵理论勇气及儒道对人的终极关怀精神。
Xunzi’s commitment to Confucius and Mencius, under which Han Fei was born, is in a transitional position from Confucianism and Taoism to the evolution of Confucianism. This inherently determines the theoretical dilemma of Xunzi, which mainly involves the contradiction between the three categories of courtesy and benevolence, autocracy and benevolence, kingship and overbearingness. Xunzi not only emphasizes ritual but also relies on benevolence. It not only advocates strengthening the authority of the monarch, but also advocates the administration of peace and love the people; not only recognizes the overbearing reality but also the ideal of the king, and its theoretical construction shows obvious transitional features. The implication of Confucianism, Taoism and Confucianism on Xunzi not only shows the inevitability of history, but also shows the valuable theoretical courage of Xunzi’s exploration of Confucianism and the ultimate concern for Confucianism and Taoism.