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目的 观察、测量面神经管垂直部毗邻解剖关系及乳突的形态学指标,分析面神经管垂直部和外耳道后壁、外耳门后缘位置变化的相关性,探讨乳突气化程度与面神经管垂直部之间的关系及临床意义. 方法 1. 评价CT影像测量相关结构的正确性,采用64层螺旋CT对4具干颅标本进行扫描,在横断位测量面神经管垂直部至外耳道后壁、外耳门后缘的距离,在矢状平面上测量乳突的前后径(外耳道下壁最低点至乳突后缘的水平距离)和高度(外耳道下壁至乳突尖的垂直距离);按影像层面锯开标本,对上述距离行实体测量.影像测量均值与实体测量均值的差异行显著性检验.2. 在体研究:随机入选无耳部疾患的118人(236侧),其中男性55例(110侧),女性63例(126侧),行颌面部CT扫描.如上选择层面,并测量面神经管垂直部至外耳道后壁、外耳门后缘及乳突前后径和高度的距离,以乳突前后径与高度乘积的1/2定义为乳突面积,以乳突面积的大小来定义乳突气化程度,同时将乳突面积分别与面神经管垂直部至外耳道后壁、外耳门后缘距离分别进行相关和回归分析. 结果 1. 标本部分:各项指标的影像测量值与实体测量值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).2. 在体研究:各项指标测量结果侧别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),性别差异有统计学意义(P0.05). 2. Study on people: There was no significantly different between left side and right side(P>0.05), but significantly different between genders(P<0.05). Between mastoid area and the distance from the vertical segment of facial nerve canal to the posterior wall of external acoustic meatus there is inverse correlation, and the relevance has the remarkable significance. However, there was no correlation between mastoid area and the vertical segment of facial nerve canal to the rear edge of external ear. Conclusion There was some relationship between the location of the vertical segment of facial nerve canal and external acoustic meatus. Anatomic position of vertical facial nerve cancal and the posterior wall of external acoustic meatus can be showed clearly. CT and in combination with primitive axial images may provide reliable evidence for the diagnosis facial nerve dieases and the choice of ear surgery route.