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儿茶酚胺类药物的临床应用已有很长的历史。它在体内作用时间短,效果明显,尤其是对心血管系统有明确的影响。早在二百年以前人们就开始应用强心甙治疗心功能不全,但由于强心甙作用缓慢,中毒剂量与治疗剂量接近且易在体内蓄积,故在急性病人的治疗中不易掌握,因此人们开始寻找新的药物,从而儿茶酚胺类药物逐渐引起人们的重视。1938年Henry Dale报导了肾上腺素有升高血压的作用,1948年Ahlquist提出了α和β两种肾上腺素能受体的假说后,使人们逐渐地认识到儿茶酚胺类药物增强心肌收缩力,改变血管张力等作用。儿茶酚胺类药物主要通过作用于肾上腺素能受体而起作用,肾上腺素能受体在体内分布较广(表1),同
The clinical application of catecholamines has a long history. Its short duration of action in the body, the effect is obvious, especially on the cardiovascular system has a clear impact. As early as two hundred years ago people began to apply cardiac glycosides treatment of cardiac insufficiency, but due to slow glycosides, poisoning dose and treatment dose close to and easy to accumulate in the body, so the treatment of acute patients is not easy to grasp, so people Began to find new drugs, which gradually attracted the attention of catecholamines. Henry Dale in 1938 reported that epinephrine has the effect of raising blood pressure. After Ahlquist proposed the hypothesis of both α and β adrenergic receptors in 1948, people gradually came to realize that catecholamines enhance myocardial contractility and change blood vessels Tension and other effects. Catecholamines act mainly on adrenergic receptors, with adrenergic receptors widely distributed in the body (Table 1),