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目的研究大学生心理健康与自杀意念(Suicide Ideation)的关系。方法选用一般健康问卷(General Health Questionnaire GHQ-20)与修订的自杀意念量表,对师范院校学生进行调查。结果在516份有效问卷中,大学生有自杀意念及较强自杀意念的检出率分别为13.8%和7.6%。男生自杀意念的检出率明显高于女生(χ2=13.544,P<0.001),文科学生明显高于理科学生(χ2=12.072,P<0.001),高年级学生明显高于低年级学生(χ2=8.394,P<0.05)。差异检验表明,与无自杀意念组相比,有自杀意念组学生的心理健康总分、抑郁及焦虑分较高,自我肯定得分较低(P<0.001)。多元回归分析结果显示,抑郁、自我肯定、焦虑能够预测大学生自杀意念26.0%的变异量,其中,抑郁的预测力最佳,其解释量为23.5%。结论大学生自杀意念与心理健康有密切联系,抑郁是预测大学生自杀意念的最好指标。
Objective To study the relationship between mental health and suicide ideation among college students. Methods The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-20) and the revised suicidal ideation scale were used to investigate the students of normal colleges and universities. Results Of the 516 valid questionnaires, the prevalence of suicidal ideation and strong suicidal ideation among college students was 13.8% and 7.6% respectively. The detection rate of suicidal ideation of boys was significantly higher than that of girls (χ2 = 13.544, P <0.001), and the scores of liberal arts students were significantly higher than that of science students (χ2 = 12.072, P <0.001) 8.394, P <0.05). Difference test showed that compared with those without suicidal ideation, students in suicidal ideation group had higher total score of mental health, depression and anxiety, lower self-affirmation score (P <0.001). Multivariate regression analysis showed that depression, self-affirmation and anxiety can predict 26.0% of the suicidal ideation of college students, of which the predictive power of depression is the best, with an explanatory volume of 23.5%. Conclusions There is a close relationship between college students ’suicidal ideation and mental health. Depression is the best predictor of college students’ suicidal ideation.