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目的探讨2013年及2015年北京市助产资源配置的公平性。方法根据北京市2013年和2015年助产资源调查结果,利用基尼系数和泰尔指数分析和评价助产资源配置公平性及变动趋势。结果北京市助产资源按人口配置的不公平性有增加趋势,但大部分仍处于最佳平均状态或正常状态。一级助产机构助产资源配置呈现不公平状态,这种不公平来自各一级助产机构之间的资源配置差异;三级、二级、营利性助产机构助产资源配置较公平,其不公平性主要来自不同助产级别间资源配置的不公平。城区的人力资源配置不公平性处于警戒状态,近郊的人力资源配置公平性也较差,无论城区、近郊、远县,其不公平性主要来自于不同区域间资源配置的不公平。结论北京市应继续对助产机构的助产资源进行优化配置,在优化配置的过程中,应关注一级助产机构之间及不同助产级别间的平衡发展,同时还应关注不同区域之间的资源配置合理性。在优化资源配置的同时,引导孕产妇就近就医和分级就医也对助产资源的合理利用起着重要作用。
Objective To explore the fairness of Beijing midwifery resource allocation in 2013 and 2015. Methods Based on the survey of midwifery resources in Beijing in 2013 and 2015, the paper analyzes and appraises the fairness and changing trend of midwifery resource allocation by using Gini coefficient and Theil index. Results The unfair distribution of midwifery resources in Beijing had an increasing tendency, but most of them were still in the best average condition or normal condition. First-class midwifery midwifery resources unfair allocation of resources, this unfair from all levels of midwifery allocation of resources between the differences; three, two, for-profit midwifery midwifery allocation of resources more equitable, Its unfairness mainly comes from the unfair allocation of resources among different midwifery levels. The inequity in the allocation of human resources in urban areas is on the alert and the fairness in the allocation of human resources in the suburbs is also poor. No matter in urban areas, suburbs or far-away counties, its unfairness mainly comes from the unfair allocation of resources among different regions. Conclusion Beijing should continue to optimize the allocation of midwifery resources in the midwifery. In the process of optimal allocation, attention should be paid to the balanced development between the first midwifery and different midwifery levels. At the same time, attention should be paid to the different regions Between the allocation of resources rationality. In optimizing the allocation of resources at the same time, to guide the maternal medical treatment and grading also plays a reasonable role in the rational use of midwifery resources.