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目的了解某沿海城市生产和流通环节烤鱼片中河豚毒素的污染状况,评价烤鱼片中河豚毒素的人群膳食暴露风险,为消费者安全消费和企业规范生产以及监管部门的风险预警提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,采集烤鱼片样本,按照酶联免疫的方法,进行河豚毒素的检测。运用急性暴露评估模型,评价潜在的风险。结果某沿海城市烤鱼片中河豚毒素阳性检出率为40%,含量范围为0.10 mg/kg~4.22 mg/kg,毒力范围为0.45 MU/g~19.18 MU/g,无毒级别样本占98.82%。儿童、青少年、成年人和老年人的急性风险指数均>100%。结论某沿海城市烤鱼片中存在河豚毒素的污染,但绝大多数为无毒级别,总体处在安全水平。烤鱼片中河豚毒素的人群急性膳食暴露风险较高,儿童、青少年的急性膳食暴露风险高于成年人和老年人,同年龄段女性的急性膳食暴露风险略高于男性。按照检样中河豚毒素含量评估,成年人、老年人一次摄入低于45 g,儿童、青少年一次摄入量低于15g的烤鱼片时,其急性膳食暴露水平处在可接受的安全状态。
Objective To understand the pollution status of tetrodotoxin in roasted fish fillets in a coastal city and to evaluate the risk of dietary exposure to tetrodotoxin in roasted fish fillets and to provide basis for consumers’ safe consumption and enterprise standardization of production and risk warning of regulatory authorities. Methods Stratified random sampling method was used to collect samples of grilled fish fillets, and the detection of tetrodotoxin was carried out according to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Use an acute exposure assessment model to assess potential risks. Results The positive detection rate of tetrodotoxin in roasted fillet in a coastal city was 40%, the range of content was 0.10 mg / kg ~ 4.22 mg / kg, the range of virulence was 0.45 MU / g ~ 19.18 MU / g, 98.82%. The acute risk index for children, adolescents, adults and the elderly is> 100%. Conclusion There is tetrodotoxin pollution in roasted fillet in a coastal city, but most of them are non-toxic and generally at a safe level. People with tetrodotoxin in broiled fish have a higher risk of acute dietary exposure, and children and adolescents have a higher risk of acute dietary exposure than adults and the elderly. Women at the same age have a slightly higher risk of acute dietary exposure than men. According to the test sample tetrodotoxin content assessment, adults, the elderly one intake of less than 45g, children, adolescents less than 15g intake of roasted fish slices, the acute dietary exposure levels in an acceptable safe state .