烷烃、烯烃和炔烃的碳原子各以不同的杂化方式进行杂化。通常,烷烃、烯烃和炔烃的杂化方式分别用SP~3、SP~2、SP表示,杂化指数都为整数,即分别为整数3、2、1。众所周知,烷烃、烯烃和炔烃有不同的化学和物理性质,例如,三类烃的C—H键的键长、键能、电负性、酸性等等,都有明显的差别,其主要原因可以碳原子的不同杂化方式来说明。现在要问,既然烷烃中碳原子的杂化指数都为3,那么,在烷烃中各类碳原子, The carbon atoms of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes are each hybridized in different hybrid ways. In general, the hybridization of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes with SP ~ 3, SP ~ 2, SP said that the hybrid index is an integer, that is, an integer 3,2,1. It is well-known that alkanes, alkenes and alkynes have different chemical and physical properties. For example, the bond length, bond energy, electronegativity and acidity of the C-H bonds of three types of hydrocarbons are obviously different Different carbon atoms can be hybridized to illustrate. Now ask, since alkane carbon atoms in the hybrid index are 3, then, in the alkane in various types of carbon atoms,