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1898年,以康有为、梁启超为首的资产阶级改良派效法日本明治维新,依靠光绪皇帝进行了轰轰烈烈的变法运动即“戊戌变法”。这场运动旨在挽救民族危亡,发展民族经济。这在一定程度上符合全国人民特别是新兴资产阶级的愿望。作为赞成和支持变法的民族资产阶级代表人物,作为著名的政治活动家,张謇理应积极参与、共襄盛举。但他却消极对待,并于变法尚在艰难进行的时候离开变法运动的中心——北京。这中间既有主观原因,也有客观因素。笔者认为主要有以下三个方面的原因。
In 1898, the bourgeois reformists headed by Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao followed the Meiji Restoration of Japan and relied on Emperor Guangxu for a vigorous reform movement, the “Reform Movement of 1898.” This campaign aims to save the national crisis and develop the national economy. To some extent, this is in line with the desire of the people of the country, especially the emerging bourgeoisie. As a representative of the national bourgeoisie who approve and support the reform, as a famous political activist, Zhang Jianli should actively participate and join in the grand ceremony. However, he treated it negatively and left Beijing, the center of the reform movement, as the reform process is still going through a difficult period. There are both subjective and objective factors in this middle. I think there are three main reasons.